Preheat the oven – Set oven to 375°F (190°C). Line a 12-cup muffin tin with paper liners or grease with butter/nonstick spray.
Prep the blueberries – Toss 1 ½ cups blueberries with 1 tbsp flour in a small bowl to prevent sinking. Set aside.
Mix dry ingredients – In a large bowl, whisk together flour, sugar, baking powder, baking soda, salt, and cinnamon until well combined.
Mix wet ingredients – In a medium bowl, whisk sourdough starter, milk, melted butter, egg, and vanilla until smooth (slight curdling is normal).
Combine – Add wet mixture to dry ingredients and gently stir until just combined. Do not overmix—small lumps are fine.
Fold in blueberries – Gently fold in the flour-coated blueberries. Batter will be thick and scoopable.
Fill muffin tin – Divide batter evenly into the 12 cups, filling to the top for a bakery-style dome. Press 2–3 extra blueberries on top of each.
Add topping – Mix coarse sugar and cinnamon in a small bowl. Sprinkle about ½ tsp over each muffin.
Bake – Bake 22–25 minutes until golden brown and a toothpick inserted in the center comes out clean (a few moist crumbs are fine). Rotate pan halfway for even baking.
Cool & serve – Cool in the tin for 5 minutes, then transfer to a wire rack. Enjoy warm or let cool completely for perfect presentation.